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First Baptist Church, Capitol Hill (1848) 2. Gay Street Christian Church (1859) 3. Mount Olive Missionary Baptist Church (1887) 4. St. Andrews Presbyterian Church (1898) 5. St. John A.M.E. Church (1863) 6. Spruce Street Baptist Church (1848). These six churches stood within 1/6 mile of this marker.\n These six Black churches stood in the center of Nashville’s prosperous Black business district before the Capitol Hill Redevelopment Program. Several began before the Civil War as “missions” or Sunday School classes of earlier white churches. All boasted memberships of over 1,000 by 1910 and claimed the city’s most prominent Black business and professional families. All but one moved in the 1950s, and all continue to serve the Nashville community."},{"count":1,"value":"A two-room frame school building was constructed here in 1907 to serve the children of newly-annexed West Nashville. Students in grades 1-8 attended here, and a second two-room building was added in 1909 for students in grades 1-4. Maria Wilson Hill served as first principal. In 1936, the Public Works Administration funded the construction of the current Art Deco building, designed by the architectural firm of Asmus and Clark."},{"count":1,"value":"About 100 yards east stood Waverly, the home of A.W. Putnam, a writer and historian. The house was named for the Waverley Novels by Sir Walter Scott. Putnam sold Waverly in 1858, and in 1887 the land was conveyed to a real estate syndicate—the Waverly Land Co.  The land was subdivided into lots, and became a streetcar suburb serviced by the Waverly Place-Glendale Park line. Several of the streets—Grantland, White, and Ridley—are named for members of the land syndicate."},{"count":1,"value":"After Col. John Donelson was killed in 1785, his widow and family continued to live here in a log house.  In 1789 lawyers Andrew Jackson and John Overton boarded with the Donelsons.  Here Jackson met Rachel, the Donelson’s youngest daughter.  They married in 1791 and lived here until they acquired there own home across the Cumberland in 1792."},{"count":1,"value":"After defeating the Confederate army at Franklin, Union troops under Gen. John Schofield returned to Nashville. Confederate troops under Gen. John Bell Hood followed, and spent 2 weeks preparing to assault the capital. The Confederate line was anchored by Granbury’s Lunette, an earthworks fortification with 4 artillery pieces and 344 men under the command of Gen. Benjamin Cheatham. Early on Dec. 15, 1864, three brigades under Maj. Gen. James Steedman attacked the lunette.\n\nTwo brigades were U.S. Colored troops under Cols. Thomas Morgan and Charles Thompson—the 12th, 13th, 14th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 44th and 100th regiments. These untested troops were sent to engage the Confederate right flank, preventing them from joining the main attack on the left flank the next day. This attack was largely unsuccessful, as the lunette was more fortified than expected. Some regiments were unable to reach the lunette. Those that did experienced heavy losses."},{"count":1,"value":"After success in Memphis with Sun Records, \"Cowboy\" Jack Clement founded Jack Clement Recording Studio in 1969, producing and writing for artists such as Johnny Cash and Charley Pride. It was the first facility of its kind in Nashville, with interiors designed by Jim Tilton. Sold in 1979 and renamed Sound Emporium, artists such as Kenny Rogers, Dottie West, Ray Stevens, Don Williams, John Denver, R.E.M., Robert Plant & Alison Krauss have recorded here."},{"count":1,"value":"After the withdrawal from the main Confederate line at Peach Orchard Hill, Lt. Gen. Stephen D. Lee formed a battle line across Franklin Pike 400 yards east of here with 200 men from the remnants of Brig. Gen. Henry Clayton’s division and two cannons from the Eufaula Light Artillery. This last line of defense halted the Federal pursuit for the night as the Confederate army retreated through the hills to the southwest."},{"count":1,"value":"After Union success to north in TN and KY, Col. John Kennett, 4th Ohio Vol. Cavalry, ordered Cpt. H.C. Rodgers to Edgefield. They met with Nashville mayor R.B. Cheatham, Feb. 23, 1862, at the Edgefield home of banker Charles Fuller, to discuss terms of surrender. The city was conveyed to Federal control on Feb. 25. Fuller became a U.S. Treasury agent at the end of the war prior to his death in 1868. The Fuller home was destroyed in the East Nashville Fire of 1916."},{"count":1,"value":"Alice Thompson (1777-1828) married Revolutionary War veteran Edward Collinsworth (1759-1816) in Dec. 1795, after spending two years as a captive at the Muscogee (Creek) tribal town Kialegee, in present-day Alabama. Alice and Edward reared seven children on land deeded to Alice by her brother John (c.1765-1791). Their son James (1802-1838) signed the Texas Declaration of Independence. Alice, Edward, daughter Parmelia and two more generations are buried at the nearby family cemetery."},{"count":1,"value":"An activist for LGBT rights and advocate for people with mental health and housing issues, Campbell co-organized Tennessee’s delegation to the 1987 March on Washington for Lesbian & Gay Rights and Nashville's 1988 Pride parade at a time when many feared discrimination and violence. Daughter of civil rights activist Will Campbell, she was the lead plaintiff in Campbell v. Sundquist (1996), which overturned a law criminalizing private, consensual, sexual acts between same-sex adults."},{"count":1,"value":"An early settler of this area was James Menees, at whose home Mill Creek Baptist Church was formed in 1797. James Whitsitt, first pastor, served over 50 years. Earlier known as Flat Rock, in 1939 this place was renamed Woodbine, after the David Hughes Estate once located on Nolensville Road. In 1919 the L&N RR began operation of Radnor Yards."},{"count":1,"value":"Andrew Jackson settled in Nashville in 1788 and served as Atty. Gen. until 1796. Lawyer John Overton owned a building here (1791-96) and shared office space with his friend Jackson. Jackson was Tennessee’s first Rep. to Congress (1796) and state Superior Court judge (1798-1804). He led U.S. troops to victory at the 1815 Battle of New Orleans and was elected President in 1828."},{"count":1,"value":"Antioch High School opened here in the fall of 1933, after community members from Antioch, Cane Ridge and Mims (Bakertown) signed petitions to the Board of Education urging them to choose Antioch, not Una, as the school location. Previously the school had been on Antioch Pike near Mill Creek. A wing for the elementary school was added in 1951, with another wing added in 1958. This building became Antioch Middle in 1997, when the high school moved to a new location on Hobson Pike."},{"count":1,"value":"Arthur Redmond, a European brewer who immigrated to Nashville in 1815, established a brewery and bakery on Chicken Pike, now Elm Hill Pike. Situated along the east side of Mill Creek near Foster’s and Buchanan’s mills, he brewed porter and ale and baked “ship bread” with barley purchased from local farmers. In 1819, Redmond was awarded a U.S. patent for “brewing improvements.” After his death in 1823, Paul Bianchi took over operations until closing in 1825."},{"count":1,"value":"As early as 1815, school was held nearby at Stoner’s Lick Methodist Church. In 1843, early settler Timothy Dodson granted land for a dedicated schoolhouse that was built c. 1855. After it burned, classes were held at the Hermitage railroad station until a one-room frame school was rebuilt in 1880. Old Dodson School was built in 1936, expanded in 1950 and 1955; it was desegregated Jan. 23, 1961. Dodson School, designed by Nashville architect Earl Swensson, opened here in 1968."},{"count":1,"value":"At 8:07 p.m. on Sunday, March 16, 1958 a bomb exploded at the Jewish Community Center at 3500 West End Avenue. The JCC, which was located here from 1952-84, often hosted community meetings aimed at desegregating Nashville’s schools and communities based on the Jewish values of equality and justice for all. Rabbi William Silverman received a call from the “Confederate Underground” claiming responsibility for the bombing.  The JCC opened one day later to demonstrate its resilience."},{"count":1,"value":"Belle Vue was the name Abraham Louis DeMoss gave the land he bought overlooking the Harpeth River in 1800. His gristmill and sawmill stood nearby. When the Nashville-Northwestern Railroad cut its line to Kingston Springs in 1855, Bellevue became the hub of this area with a railroad depot, blacksmith shop and livery stable. In 1866 T.L. Herrin opened a general store and post office to the north. A two-story frame pre-railroad storage building now houses Bellevue Lodge No. 716."},{"count":1,"value":"Bellevue High School opened in 1931, serving almost 100 students. The first senior class graduated in 1933. A new high school opened across the street in 1970, and the former high school became a junior high. Amid community protests, Bellevue High School closed in 1980. The building was demolished in 1981. For the 50 years it stood, the school was the cornerstone of the Bellevue community, and students recorded numerous academic and athletic achievements."},{"count":1,"value":"Bells Bend, first known as White’s Bend, is an 18-square-mile area encompassed by a U-shaped bend in the Cumberland River. Numerous archaeological sites indicate that the area has been inhabited for at least 10,000 years. Bells Bend has thrived as an agricultural community since the early 19th century with land owners that included Montgomery Bell and David Lipscomb. The Clees family operated a mill and ferry service beginning in the 1870’s. Clees Ferry ceased operation in 1990."},{"count":1,"value":"Betty Nixon was a trailblazing woman in Nashville politics, an ardent preservationist, and a relentless advocate for the city’s people and neighborhoods. She served on the Metro Council from 1975 to 1987, was the first woman to chair its Budget and Finance Committee, and ran for mayor in 1987 and 1991. Nixon and her first husband, U.S. District Judge John T. Nixon, purchased this 1925 Colonial Revival house in 1971. It was the setting for her campaigns and community activism."},{"count":1,"value":"BMI (Broadcast Music, Inc.), an organization that collects performance royalties for songwriters and music publishers in all genres of music, opened its doors in New York in 1940. BMI was the first performance rights organization to represent what was then commonly referred to as rural and race music in the forms of country, gospel, blues, and jazz. In 1958, BMI established a permanent Nashville office and hired Frances Williams Preston as manager. BMI constructed the first wing of this building in 1964 and expanded it in 1995. This office represents songwriters and music publishers in Memphis, Atlanta, New Orleans, Muscle Shoals and Austin, and played a key role in developing Nashville as Music City, U.S.A."},{"count":1,"value":"Born and reared in Washington, D.C., Joseph “Yusef” Harris graduated from Morehouse College and moved to Nashville in 1977 to pursue his doctorate at Vanderbilt University. Inspired by the Black Studies/Psychology movements of the 1960s and 1970s, Harris founded Alkebu-Lan Images Bookstore on April 1, 1986. With the mantra \"Power Now, Reading Is How,\" his work fostered pride in heritage and culture among African American communities in Nashville and beyond."},{"count":1,"value":"Born in Giles County in 1810, Neill Smith Brown became a lawyer in 1834 and married Mary Ann Trimble (1816-1895) in 1839. At their nearby home, Idlewild, they raised eight children. Brown was a founder of the Whig Party in Tennessee and was elected governor in 1847, serving one term. His younger brother, John Calvin Brown (1827-1889), held the same position from 1871-75. Appointed U.S. Minister to Russia 1850-53, Neill Brown died in 1886 and is buried in Mt. Olivet Cemetery."},{"count":1,"value":"Born in Potsdam, Prussia. Came to Nashville 1838. Lived in home on this site. Architect, Engineer & Builder. Designed Univ. of Nash. Main Bldg.; Central State Hosp. Main Bldg.; Suspension Bridge over Cumberland River. Masonic Leader; Adj. U.S. Army Mexican War; Col. 10th Tenn. Inf. Reg. C.S.A. Civil War. Buried in Confederate Circle Mount Olivet Cemetery."},{"count":1,"value":"Born in Southampton County, Va., John E. Bailey, the namesake of Bailey School, found a vocation in music by 1850. He moved here from Lynchburg, Va. with his wife Julia Powell to serve as music director for City Schools in 1873. He believed that all could read and sing music when one placed “the study within their reach.” With no budget, he went from school to school for 44 years, teaching the 18th century “singing schools” method to over 85,000 people until the day he died in 1917."},{"count":1,"value":"Born May 8, 1824, Walker moved to this site from 6th Ave. N. in 1840. In early life he was doctor, lawyer, & journalist. He invaded Mexico in 1853 with 46 men & proclaimed himself Pres., Republic of Lower Calif. Led force into Nicaragua in 1855; was elected its Pres. in 1856. In attempt to wage war on Honduras was captured & executed Sept. 12, 1860."},{"count":1,"value":"Brick manufacturer and builder, who fought under General Andrew Jackson in the Creek campaigns and at the Battle of New Orleans, left at his death in 1880 property and $100,000 as an endowment for a school later called Watkins Institute, organized in 1885. A pioneer school for adult education, and a leader in arts education, it has been in continuous operation since 1889.\n"},{"count":1,"value":"Built 1898, the Mary Lee Academy, the second school in the Oglesby Community, was named for its first teacher, Miss Mary Lee Clark. The county bought the school in 1906. The name changed to Ogilvie in honor of the land donor, Benton H. Ogilvie, and later became Oglesby. In 1943, the schoolhouse was given back to the Oglesby Community."},{"count":1,"value":"Built in 1858 by Dr. James Hoggatt on land inherited from his father, Capt. John Hoggatt, a Revolutionary War soldier, this fine Italian villa style home is centered in an area of local historical significance. John Donelson settled early in this rich Stone's River bottom area, followed by Andrew Jackson, who married his daughter, Rachel."},{"count":1,"value":"Built in 1859 by David H. McGavock, this mansion stands on land inherited by McGavock’s wife, Willie, from her father, William Harding.  The smaller house to the left was built in 1802.  Dr. James Priestley’s Academy, established about 1816, was located on the 1,100 acre farm 1 mile from the mansion on the Cumberland River bluff."},{"count":1,"value":"Built in 1903 by Judge J.D.B. and Sarah DeBow, the two-story stone house called Ravenwood was razed and rebuilt in 1947 by businessman R.D. Stanford, Jr. The 272-acre estate included terraced gardens, stone walls and a man-made lake. In 1957, Stanford sold the land to the Donelson Improvement Co. to become the private Ravenwood Club. A swimming pool, tennis courts, equestrian trails and 18-hole golf course were added. Metro Parks and Recreation purchased the property in 2012."},{"count":1,"value":"Built in the 1830s, rebuilt in 1859, and expanded in 1880, Perry Dale Sr. and Alberta G. Dale purchased this two-story frame house in 1946, naming it GranDale. The one-story wings were added to each side in the 1970s. Between 1972 and 1973, Perry Sr. sold the house and the Dale Foods canning factory (now Cannery Row) to his two sons. The Dale sons sold GranDale in 1983, and in 1997 the house was moved 60 ft. from the original location at 2234 Murfreesboro Pike to save it from demolition."},{"count":1,"value":"Bullet Records began in 1946 as one of Nashville’s first independent record labels. Bullet Plastics opened in 1947, pressing records for the label. The ownership and name changed in the 1950s to Southern Plastics, and the company moved from Broadway to Franklin Road. In 1963, it moved to a larger facility on Chestnut Street that pressed 1 million records per month, including all of Motown’s singles. The company became United Record Pressing in the 1970s.\n\nAfrican American artists and music executives who could not find accommodations in Jim Crow-era Nashville stayed in a rear apartment called the “Motown Suite” or “United Hilton.” Notable guests included Berry Gordy Jr., Smokey Robinson and the Supremes. In the 1990s United Record began manufacturing 10- and 12-inch records. In 2008 a distribution division was added and in 2010 a record label—453 Music—was launched. The company moved to a larger facility on Allied Drive in 2017."},{"count":1,"value":"By 1800 Whitsett’s Chapel became this area’s first school.  In Jan. 1899 Flat Rock native, philanthropist and real estate developer R.W. Turner and wife Sallie W. Turner gave 2 acres for a new 9th dist. public school.  The first Turner School was overcrowded by the 1920s.  Designed by architect George D. Waller, Turner Grammar School opened in 1926 with Otto Prather as principal.  The cafetorium dates to 1950.  An annex of Cole Elem. in its final years, the school closed in 1989."},{"count":1,"value":"Called the “Belle Meade of North Nashville” by local newspapers, the Enchanted Hills subdivision was platted between 1962 and 1989 as one Nashville’s most prestigious African American neighborhoods. The architect-designed “ultra-modern” houses retain striking Mid-Century Modern and Contemporary architecture. Neighbors have fought for decades to preserve this unique neighborhood from development, including a 1986 effort led by resident, and future state senator, Thelma Harper."},{"count":1,"value":"Cane Ridge Cumberland Presbyterian Church, built in 1859, replaced a log building which occupied land donated by Edwin Austin & Thomas Boaz in 1826. One of the best known pastors was Hugh Bone Hill who also preached at the Jerusalem Church in Rutherford County. Isaac Johnson, a Revolutionary War soldier, died 1839 & is buried in the church cemetery."},{"count":1,"value":"Centennial Park was the site of May Day rallies held annually from 1914 until 1920, when the Tennessee General Assembly ratified the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing the right to vote to American women. Suffragists marched from the State Capitol to Centennial Park, where thousands gathered to hear speakers such as Anne Dallas Dudley, Maria Thompson Daviess, Sue Shelton White, and Abby Crawford Milton."},{"count":1,"value":"Chief Engr. Army of Tenn. C. S. A.; Construction Engineer on first R.R. Bridge in Nashville; City Engineer of Nashville and member of American Society of Civil Engineers; Director of Works at the Tennessee Centennial Exposition & Co-Founder of Foster & Creighton Co.; Elder, First Presbyterian Church; 33rd Degree Scottish Rite Mason."},{"count":1,"value":"Clarence Eugene “Hank” Snow purchased this Madison home with his wife Minnie in 1950, not long after his first appearance on the Grand Ole Opry. He was one of the first musicians in the United States to build and use a home studio. Snow’s band, the Rainbow Ranch Boys, took their name from this three-acre property, Rainbow Ranch, which was also home to Snow’s horse, Shawnee. Snow was elected to Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1978 and the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1979."},{"count":1,"value":"Constructed in 1892 for Hose Company #1, this building is one of the earliest extant fire halls in Nashville. The upstairs housed firefighters while the lower floor stabled the company’s two horses. R. C. Burk served as the first Captain. The fire hall was renamed for J.W. Price, a local businessman, c1910. In 1993, the building reopened as a branch of the Nashville Public Library, and is named for State Legislators Charles and Mary Pruitt."},{"count":1,"value":"Construction of the J. Percy Priest Dam and Reservoir began on June 2, 1963. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers project was named for Priest, a teacher and Tennessean editor who served in Congress from 1940 until his death in 1956. Several small communities, like nearby Couchville, were destroyed during the creation of the lake. Dedicated on June 29, 1968, Percy Priest Dam generates Tenn. Valley Authority energy, and the 14,200-acre lake provides many recreational opportunities."},{"count":1,"value":"Cornelia Fort (1919-43), Nashville’s first woman flying instructor volunteer, Army’s WAFS, WWII, was the first woman pilot to die on war duty in American history. “I am grateful that my one talent, flying, was useful to my country.” she wrote shortly before her death. Miss Fort was lost in a crash over Texas flying a basic-trainer plane, BT 13-A, across the United States."},{"count":1,"value":"Cornelius Ridley’s teams won 684 games, 15 district, 8 region and 5 state championships at three Nashville schools from 1960-91. Ridley, a 1949 Pearl graduate, succeeded his legendary basketball coach William Gupton in 1960. He coached the Tigers in Nashville’s first integrated game in 1965 and led Pearl to an undefeated season and state title in 1966, the first year the tournament was desegregated. An educational mentor, he was inducted into the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame in 2007."},{"count":1,"value":"Created in 1937 from the G. A. Puryear farm. It was once part of Samuel Watkin’s country estate. Olmsted Bros. Landscape Architects designed the roads and lots to flow naturally with the hills, valleys, and brook. Residential development was made possible by the 1915 construction of a concrete road. Known by 1918 as Woodmont Boulevard, it was the first documented concrete road in Tennessee."},{"count":1,"value":"Dedicated educator who served Davidson County public schools 57 years as a teacher, the first Supervisor of Elementary Education 1911-1944 and Director of Character Education, Miss Julia oversaw schools countywide. A progressive, she pioneered school hot lunch and health programs for children, local affiliation with national education organizations, and the local PTA movement."},{"count":1,"value":"Designed by architects Asmus and Clark and opened in 1928 as a junior high school, Cohn School was named in memory of Corinne Lieberman Cohn, one of the first female members of the school board.  Jonas H. Sikes served as first principal. The school added high school grades in 1937, and graduated its first high school class in 1940. Following school desegregation, Cohn High merged with Pearl High in 1983. The building now serves as the Cohn Adult Learning Center.\n\nA graduate of Peabody College, William Rayburn Rochelle served as principal of Cohn High School from 1939 until his retirement in 1965. An innovative educator, he led Cohn in developing student government and was responsible for a state of the art music education program. Rochelle devoted his life to education and community service, especially to adults with intellectual disabilities. In 1968, he founded the Rochelle Center for disabled adults and their families."},{"count":1,"value":"Distinguished poet, critic, novelist, and teacher. Born in Nashville; Hume-Fogg graduate 1931; Vanderbilt bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Served in U.S. Army Air Corps in World War II. Wrote about losses of war and childhood innocence. Poet Laureate at Library of Congress, 1956-58. Winner of National Book Award for poetry, 1960."},{"count":1,"value":"Dry-stack stone walls, a Scots-Irish building tradition adapted by slaves in the early 19th century, were common throughout middle Tennessee. During the 1864 Battle of Nashville, Brigadier General Henry Jackson was captured at this wall on the Middle Franklin Turnpike after the Confederate line collapsed at Shy’s Hill."},{"count":1,"value":"Dudley Field opened on Oct. 14, 1922. Named for Dr. William Dudley, it was the first stadium in the South built for football. The first night game took place on Sept. 25, 1954, after lights were installed for the Billy Graham Crusade. Events here included the first NFL exhibition game in the South, in 1944, and a speech by President John F. Kennedy in 1963. After a major renovation, it re-opened as Vanderbilt Stadium on Sept. 12, 1981. It was also home to the Tennessee Oilers in 1998."}],"count":263,"uniqueCount":263}}},"objectid":{"objectid":{"meta":{"pass":true,"missingStats":[],"error":null},"statistics":{"duration":111.60244600000078,"values":{"avg":649,"min":518,"max":780,"count":263,"sum":170687}}}}},"structuredLicense":{"type":"none"},"license":"none","supportedQueryFormats":"JSON, geoJSON, PBF","supportsAdvancedQueries":true,"tags":["history","historic","historical","marker","sign","civil","war"],"thumbnail":"thumbnail/thumbnail1682947613288.png","thumbnailUrl":"thumbnail/thumbnail1682947613288.png","type":"Feature Layer","typeCategories":["Dataset"],"typeKeywords":["ArcGIS Server","Data","Feature Access","Feature Service","Service","Singlelayer","Hosted Service","View Service"],"url":"https://services2.arcgis.com/HdTo6HJqh92wn4D8/arcgis/rest/services/Historical_Markers_view/FeatureServer/0","useStandardizedQueries":true,"validExtent":true,"xFrameOptions":null,"boundary":{"geometry":{"type":"polygon","rings":[[[-86.98653199995182,36.33570800042395],[-86.60097000016532,36.33570800042395],[-86.60097000016532,35.992526999921154],[-86.98653199995182,35.992526999921154],[-86.98653199995182,36.33570800042395]]],"spatialReference":{"wkid":4326}},"center":[-86.79375100005856,36.16411750017255],"provenance":"item","setBy":null},"snippet":"Historical Markers","culture":"en-us"},"links":{"self":"https://hub.arcgis.com/api/v3/datasets/f33000bf629f49bd8eb3383fc42cbe8a_0","rawEs":"https://hub.arcgis.com/api/es/datasets/f33000bf629f49bd8eb3383fc42cbe8a_0","itemPage":"https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=f33000bf629f49bd8eb3383fc42cbe8a","esriRest":"https://www.arcgis.com/sharing/content/items/f33000bf629f49bd8eb3383fc42cbe8a?f=json"},"meta":{"highlights":{},"matchedFields":[]}},"meta":{"apiRoot":"https://hub.arcgis.com/api/v3/","resourceRoot":"https://hub.arcgis.com/api/v3/datasets","request":"https://hub.arcgis.com/api/v3/datasets/f33000bf629f49bd8eb3383fc42cbe8a_0"}}